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good afternoon and welcome to nasa's

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kennedy space center and the forward

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osmosis bag experiment demonstration

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joining us today are dr howard levine

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nasa project scientists

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and monica soler project engineer with

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kinetic north america

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we'll begin with some opening statements

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and then go into the demonstration

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so um we'd like to

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show to you a tech demo project that's

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flying on the shuttle atlantis this

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friday

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all right it's what we call the forward

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osmosis bag

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so think of it as a bag within a bag

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and the outer bag you can introduce

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dirty water or water that cannot be

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drunk

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by the astronauts

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on the interior the inner clean bag we

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introduce

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a high

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sugar solution concentrate

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and

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just by osmosis

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it cleans the water it pulls the water

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through a semi-permeable membrane

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selectively excludes

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elements compounds bacteria viral

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particles that are not desirable

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and you end up with a sports drink that

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maybe four to six hours later can be

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drunk by the crew members

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this technology was developed at ames

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research center and it was licensed to a

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company hydration

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corporation in in oregon

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and they went through the sbir small

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business innovative research program to

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commercialize it and they developed this

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product which

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is for hikers so that hikers out in the

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wild can put this into a stream and

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water that may not be suitable for

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parasites or suitable for parasites but

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not for drinking

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can be cleaned in this way

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there's also a version of this

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that is

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been modified for the department of

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defense

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for soldiers in the field

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the coast guard has also

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developed a version for salt water to

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make salt water drinkable

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so

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the

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project will be flying on friday we're

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going to be first we had to modify the

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bag so this commercial product is not

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flight rated as we say it's uh has

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materials that are don't meet the

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stringent flight requirements of the

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international space station

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so we created a flight version

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that has the proper materials

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and monica is going to go through a

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demonstration of how the crew members

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will load it up both the dirty side and

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the clean side

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and in the experiment

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we're going to be flying six of these

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bags

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three of which will be manually mixed by

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the crew

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and three of which will not be so we'll

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be seeing whether there's a requirement

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for them to be manually mixed or not

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okay

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so what we have here what will be flying

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on friday we're actually going to be

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flying seven of these forward osmosis

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kits

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they're made out of nomex and inside of

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the kit it's going to hold a forward

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osmosis bag

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an osmotic concentrate syringe

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forward osmosis sampling syringe and the

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input storage bag and each kit is going

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to have a letter identifier a b c d and

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so on for the crew member to associate

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with

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so as howard was saying we modified the

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commercially available off-the-shelf

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product and changed the materials from

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pvc to polyethylene for flammability

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purposes and we also change the ports

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to self-sealing quick disconnect ports

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for

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leakage purposes you can imagine trying

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to pour in some

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water into one of these big red ports in

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microgravity you'll have water flying

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everywhere

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we also have your standard 60 milliliter

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syringe which is going to hold fructose

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and glucose syrups and deionized water

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as howard had mentioned it's

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going to be injected into the inner

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chamber of the forward osmosis bag

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the sampling syringe is an identical

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version of the osmotic concentrate

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syringe which will be pulling the 60

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milliliter sample approximately six

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hours after each bag is induced and the

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input storage bag holds fit 500

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milliliters of potassium chloride and a

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methyl blue dye which is your typical

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food coloring over-the-counter dye

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and both of these items will be launched

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pre-loaded and all of the lab work is

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being done at the space life science lab

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here at kennedy space center

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so to begin the initiation the crew

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member is going to transfer

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all of the liquid from the input storage

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bag into the outer chamber

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of the forward osmosis bag

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using this

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forward osmosis pump syringe

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so i'm going to rotate this to make it a

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so the crew member will ensure that the

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check valve that we have here is in the

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off position towards the forward osmosis

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bag

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the velcro that we have on

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the input storage bag is used to assist

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the crew member

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in pushing all the liquid towards the

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outlet of the input storage bag so they

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can roll

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the bag just like that and they're able

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to get all the liquid towards the outlet

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and they'll be pulling

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liquid into the forward osmosis pump

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syringe just like this

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and then once they have it approximately

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full they're going to move the check

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valve in the off direction of the input

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storage bag

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and slowly inject

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with the dirty water

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now this cycle should take up to about

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eight times eight cycles for the crew

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member to get as much water as they can

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so

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using the velcro

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to pull the dirty solution

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now the purpose of the methyl blue dye

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is to wet the membrane it's to dye the

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membrane so when the forward osmosis

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bags are returned

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for a post-flight analysis we're going

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to be able to dissect the forward

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osmosis bag and see how the liquid

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wetted the membrane whether or not it

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was a uniform wetting or if it was

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we'll do a couple more pools

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and then once

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they've gotten as much

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liquid out of the input storage bag as

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they possibly can

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they'll use a dry wipe which they

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already have up there just to make sure

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there's no

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spots that come out to disconnect the

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qd's from the input storage bag and the

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forward osmosis bag

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so as you can see all the liquid is on

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the outer chamber of the forward osmosis

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bag

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then we're going to they're going to

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come and grab the osmotic concentrate

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syringe and inject

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the osmotic concentrate

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to the inner chamber of the forward

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osmosis bag

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and the osmotic concentrate is the

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driver for the water to pass through the

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membrane so the higher concentrated

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liquid pulls the

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potable water through the membrane

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so once they're done with that they'll

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disconnect and as howard said

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three of the six bags are going to be

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hand manipulated

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so hand shaken for approximately two

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hours

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and this is just to compare whether or

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not mechanical

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mechanically inducing the bags will

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actually increase the flux weight of the

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water moving through the membrane or

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if

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two minutes approximately two minutes

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yeah

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so once they're complete with the

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initiation and the mixing of the bags

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and they're going to restow them back

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into this forward osmosis

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kits and back into the storage mid-deck

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locker and approximately six hours after

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this is done they're going to come back

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and they're going to

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remove

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a 60 milliliter sample from the inner

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chamber of the bag using this forward

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osmosis sampling syringe very similar to

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the way we did with the osmotic

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concentrate syringe they're just going

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to

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connect it and remove the 60 milliliter

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sample i won't remove a sample right now

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just because there's only been a couple

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minutes since i've actually initiated

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the bag so you probably won't see much

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of anything

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and then they're going to resto

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everything back into the ford osmosis

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kit and back into the locker for return

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all operations are going to occur within

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two days of landing and

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all the post flight analysis will be

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done here at the space life science lab

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and

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so the key part of the science is

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six hours later when the crew member

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goes and withdraws the 60 milliliter

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sample

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you saw that this

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uh osmotic concentrate

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is yellow okay it has a dye in it a

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fluorescein dye the sample that we

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collect will be diluted based on the

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water that's passed through the membrane

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all right so this is our microgravity

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sample this is the the most important

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sample of the whole experiment and we'll

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be able to run this through a

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spectrophotometer post flight and get an

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idea of the flux rate of the water

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passage through the semi-permeable

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membrane based on the dilution

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of this dye

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this other blue dye as monica said is to

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get an idea of the

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the distribution of the water in

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microgravity on the semi-permeable

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okay and now we'll take questions please

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state your name and affiliation and wait

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jim siegel celebration independent

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newspaper so so let me get this straight

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nobody's going to drink anything

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of that's been sampled here or

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experimented with on this

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on this flight correct that's correct

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and that so

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um could you

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describe a little bit about what this

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would replace

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if it was to be used on the space

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shuttle or the international space

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station in

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in a little bit of detail and how how

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large would something like that have to

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be

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on the space shuttle or the space

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station in order to do that

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so we think of this uh primarily as an

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emergency contingency water system

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so in the event that one of the normal

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physical chemical means of producing

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this could be used in an emergency

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situation it could also be used in the

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future

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as part of an eva extra vehicle activity

288
00:12:09,910 --> 00:12:07,839
suit

289
00:12:11,670 --> 00:12:09,920
some of you may be science fiction fans

290
00:12:14,230 --> 00:12:11,680
you may have you know read the dune

291
00:12:16,790 --> 00:12:14,240
series with the fremen on arrakis and

292
00:12:19,829 --> 00:12:16,800
they had still suits well this could be

293
00:12:21,590 --> 00:12:19,839
you know almost a first step towards

294
00:12:23,829 --> 00:12:21,600
recapturing

295
00:12:26,230 --> 00:12:23,839
the humidity from our sweat from our

296
00:12:29,509 --> 00:12:26,240
breath even from our urine

297
00:12:30,550 --> 00:12:29,519
and recycling it and making it drinkable

298
00:12:32,389 --> 00:12:30,560
so

299
00:12:34,629 --> 00:12:32,399
mostly i guess to answer your question

300
00:12:36,870 --> 00:12:34,639
as an emergency situation it's not meant

301
00:12:38,470 --> 00:12:36,880
to be a day-to-day water generation

302
00:12:40,949 --> 00:12:38,480
device

303
00:12:43,509 --> 00:12:40,959
but it could also be used when the crew

304
00:12:44,949 --> 00:12:43,519
comes back on on a capsule and they land

305
00:12:47,829 --> 00:12:44,959
in the ocean

306
00:12:50,150 --> 00:12:47,839
it could be filled with sea water and

307
00:12:52,710 --> 00:12:50,160
potable drinkable

308
00:12:54,550 --> 00:12:52,720
a sports drink kind of product could be

309
00:12:56,949 --> 00:12:54,560
made that way as well

310
00:12:59,670 --> 00:12:56,959
and just to add to that this is actually

311
00:13:01,509 --> 00:12:59,680
phase one of the forward osmosis bag so

312
00:13:03,509 --> 00:13:01,519
we're using this technology

313
00:13:04,790 --> 00:13:03,519
demonstration to demonstrate the

314
00:13:07,670 --> 00:13:04,800
technology of the membrane in

315
00:13:11,509 --> 00:13:07,680
microgravity so we've already been

316
00:13:12,790 --> 00:13:11,519
accepted as a sdto or xdto for a fob

317
00:13:14,310 --> 00:13:12,800
phase 2

318
00:13:17,110 --> 00:13:14,320
for so that we would be able to take

319
00:13:19,190 --> 00:13:17,120
more samples at an hourly interval

320
00:13:21,350 --> 00:13:19,200
and get a better curve of the flux rate

321
00:13:22,949 --> 00:13:21,360
as the water passes through the membrane

322
00:13:24,310 --> 00:13:22,959
so this is pretty much just

323
00:13:27,829 --> 00:13:24,320
demonstrating the technology of the

324
00:13:29,990 --> 00:13:27,839
membrane for this particular flight

325
00:13:32,550 --> 00:13:30,000
and and the key point there is that it's

326
00:13:36,150 --> 00:13:32,560
necessary to elevate the technology

327
00:13:38,230 --> 00:13:36,160
readiness level of this technology

328
00:13:40,069 --> 00:13:38,240
and demonstrate that it functions in a

329
00:13:41,670 --> 00:13:40,079
microgravity environment and that's

330
00:13:42,870 --> 00:13:41,680
really the main purpose of what we're

331
00:13:44,550 --> 00:13:42,880
trying to do

332
00:13:46,949 --> 00:13:44,560
and once we demonstrate that it does

333
00:13:49,110 --> 00:13:46,959
indeed function in microgravity as it

334
00:13:51,829 --> 00:13:49,120
does on earth

335
00:13:53,590 --> 00:13:51,839
then the program can take it and plan on

336
00:13:55,829 --> 00:13:53,600
using this technology in future

337
00:13:58,069 --> 00:13:55,839
endeavors

338
00:14:01,189 --> 00:13:58,079
okay

339
00:14:03,110 --> 00:14:01,199
ken you have a question yes

340
00:14:06,230 --> 00:14:03,120
uh hi ken framer from space flight

341
00:14:07,990 --> 00:14:06,240
magazine um describe a little bit uh the

342
00:14:11,590 --> 00:14:08,000
shuttle astronauts will do this not the

343
00:14:13,430 --> 00:14:11,600
iss astronauts and when you do um bring

344
00:14:15,590 --> 00:14:13,440
it up as an emergency situation yeah

345
00:14:17,910 --> 00:14:15,600
that's what i was wondering um how many

346
00:14:20,710 --> 00:14:17,920
bags would you bring up and has anything

347
00:14:22,470 --> 00:14:20,720
like this been flown before thank you

348
00:14:25,670 --> 00:14:22,480
uh well i'll take the first couple of

349
00:14:27,990 --> 00:14:25,680
questions yes this is a sortie mission

350
00:14:30,389 --> 00:14:28,000
so a sorority payload meaning that it

351
00:14:32,550 --> 00:14:30,399
will be launched and returned from on

352
00:14:34,069 --> 00:14:32,560
the shuttle it will not cross over onto

353
00:14:36,389 --> 00:14:34,079
the space station so we have one of the

354
00:14:39,509 --> 00:14:36,399
u.s crew members actually rex walheim

355
00:14:43,750 --> 00:14:39,519
will be conducting the experiment two

356
00:14:48,069 --> 00:14:46,150
what was the second question

357
00:14:49,430 --> 00:14:48,079
has any thing been flown like this

358
00:14:51,030 --> 00:14:49,440
before

359
00:14:52,310 --> 00:14:51,040
and how many units would you bring up to

360
00:14:53,350 --> 00:14:52,320
the iss

361
00:14:57,030 --> 00:14:53,360
so

362
00:14:58,710 --> 00:14:57,040
no this has not been flown before

363
00:14:59,670 --> 00:14:58,720
and the number that would be brought up

364
00:15:01,670 --> 00:14:59,680
uh

365
00:15:02,710 --> 00:15:01,680
really that's a programmatic decision

366
00:15:04,790 --> 00:15:02,720
but

367
00:15:07,350 --> 00:15:04,800
uh if you think of it we spend quite a

368
00:15:09,269 --> 00:15:07,360
bit of money uh bringing water up to the

369
00:15:11,990 --> 00:15:09,279
international space station

370
00:15:13,829 --> 00:15:12,000
uh they're a contingency water container

371
00:15:18,310 --> 00:15:13,839
bags that are brought up they contain

372
00:15:20,389 --> 00:15:18,320
about 43 liters of water they're stowed

373
00:15:23,110 --> 00:15:20,399
they have a certain lifetime after which

374
00:15:26,550 --> 00:15:23,120
they're no longer rated for drinking

375
00:15:30,389 --> 00:15:26,560
these could be used to recertify

376
00:15:32,230 --> 00:15:30,399
those expired waters as a potable drink

377
00:15:34,790 --> 00:15:32,240
again it doesn't produce water but it

378
00:15:38,629 --> 00:15:34,800
produces a sports drink kind of a

379
00:15:43,110 --> 00:15:40,389
and as an example for the

380
00:15:45,910 --> 00:15:43,120
post splashdown i believe each astronaut

381
00:15:47,110 --> 00:15:45,920
gets two gallons of water as they're

382
00:15:49,509 --> 00:15:47,120
waiting for

383
00:15:51,030 --> 00:15:49,519
a boat to come and pick them up and so

384
00:15:54,150 --> 00:15:51,040
if you're able to

385
00:15:56,069 --> 00:15:54,160
just send each a pouch per astronaut

386
00:15:58,069 --> 00:15:56,079
you're reducing mass

387
00:15:59,829 --> 00:15:58,079
and volume that's going to be on the

388
00:16:02,230 --> 00:15:59,839
orbiter when they're returning

389
00:16:03,430 --> 00:16:02,240
and each bag is able to be used up to 10

390
00:16:05,749 --> 00:16:03,440
times

391
00:16:08,230 --> 00:16:05,759
so you're able to recycle the bag up to

392
00:16:09,189 --> 00:16:08,240
10 times so let me let me elaborate a

393
00:16:11,509 --> 00:16:09,199
little bit

394
00:16:12,710 --> 00:16:11,519
so you saw that

395
00:16:13,910 --> 00:16:12,720
each bag

396
00:16:16,629 --> 00:16:13,920
can

397
00:16:19,430 --> 00:16:16,639
purify let's say a liter of water over

398
00:16:21,269 --> 00:16:19,440
the course of four to six hours

399
00:16:24,870 --> 00:16:21,279
over the course of one day that would be

400
00:16:27,509 --> 00:16:24,880
four uses and most for most applications

401
00:16:28,790 --> 00:16:27,519
the bags could be used up to 10 days in

402
00:16:31,590 --> 00:16:28,800
duration

403
00:16:34,550 --> 00:16:31,600
so 10 days you know using the maximum

404
00:16:36,069 --> 00:16:34,560
rate four times a day would be 40 times

405
00:16:39,350 --> 00:16:36,079
it's all dependent on what you're

406
00:16:41,590 --> 00:16:39,360
introducing into them but up to 40 times

407
00:16:44,710 --> 00:16:41,600
the bags could be used and if you think

408
00:16:46,790 --> 00:16:44,720
of that that's 40 liters of a drinkable

409
00:16:49,350 --> 00:16:46,800
solution

410
00:16:52,150 --> 00:16:49,360
40 liters about 4 liters to a gallon

411
00:16:54,790 --> 00:16:52,160
that's about 10 gallons

412
00:16:57,110 --> 00:16:54,800
each gallon of water is about a little

413
00:16:59,509 --> 00:16:57,120
bit more than 8 pounds

414
00:17:00,710 --> 00:16:59,519
so and if you think about

415
00:17:03,030 --> 00:17:00,720
10 000

416
00:17:04,870 --> 00:17:03,040
per pound for for launch costs that's a

417
00:17:08,630 --> 00:17:04,880
conservative figure

418
00:17:13,029 --> 00:17:11,029
just one last quick question

419
00:17:16,630 --> 00:17:13,039
can they be built larger

420
00:17:22,309 --> 00:17:19,270
this is really uh you know an individual

421
00:17:25,750 --> 00:17:22,319
size unit you know developed mostly for

422
00:17:28,710 --> 00:17:25,760
you know commercial applications

423
00:17:30,549 --> 00:17:28,720
okay right here

424
00:17:32,789 --> 00:17:30,559
uh jim siegel from the celebration

425
00:17:34,870 --> 00:17:32,799
independent newspaper again

426
00:17:37,590 --> 00:17:34,880
i think you mentioned that that is that

427
00:17:38,710 --> 00:17:37,600
is commercially available now

428
00:17:41,590 --> 00:17:38,720
and

429
00:17:44,070 --> 00:17:41,600
so two questions one if someone wanted

430
00:17:45,590 --> 00:17:44,080
to buy that today how would they do it

431
00:17:48,150 --> 00:17:45,600
is there a website or something like

432
00:17:51,029 --> 00:17:48,160
that and secondly

433
00:17:52,789 --> 00:17:51,039
the forward osmosis bag

434
00:17:55,909 --> 00:17:52,799
i assume you've done some testing here

435
00:17:59,350 --> 00:17:55,919
on earth before you're doing this so has

436
00:18:02,310 --> 00:18:00,390
drunk from

437
00:18:06,230 --> 00:18:02,320
drunk the liquid that came out of that

438
00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:08,789
um well to answer your first question

439
00:18:13,990 --> 00:18:11,200
yes these are available

440
00:18:16,150 --> 00:18:14,000
as are the cpac and the hydro pack the

441
00:18:17,830 --> 00:18:16,160
hydro pack has actually been used for

442
00:18:20,310 --> 00:18:17,840
hurricane and earthquake relief

443
00:18:22,630 --> 00:18:20,320
hydration technologies has sent these

444
00:18:23,350 --> 00:18:22,640
over to haiti for

445
00:18:26,150 --> 00:18:23,360
for

446
00:18:29,909 --> 00:18:26,160
earthquake relief and yes their website

447
00:18:31,470 --> 00:18:29,919
is hti water.com

448
00:18:34,230 --> 00:18:31,480
t i

449
00:18:37,190 --> 00:18:34,240
water.com and you're able to purchase

450
00:18:39,430 --> 00:18:37,200
all of their products on their website

451
00:18:41,590 --> 00:18:39,440
and your follow-up question

452
00:18:44,310 --> 00:18:41,600
yes in order to

453
00:18:46,470 --> 00:18:44,320
manifest a payload we have to go through

454
00:18:49,029 --> 00:18:46,480
a whole payload integration process

455
00:18:50,950 --> 00:18:49,039
where we first we verify the science on

456
00:18:53,830 --> 00:18:50,960
using a science verification test where

457
00:18:56,070 --> 00:18:53,840
we kind of use a prototype

458
00:18:58,390 --> 00:18:56,080
component of the hardware but just to

459
00:19:00,630 --> 00:18:58,400
verify that the science would work and

460
00:19:03,590 --> 00:19:00,640
we do it in our orbiter environmental

461
00:19:05,190 --> 00:19:03,600
simulator chamber which actually follows

462
00:19:06,630 --> 00:19:05,200
one of the temperature profiles of the

463
00:19:09,750 --> 00:19:06,640
shuttle

464
00:19:12,150 --> 00:19:09,760
and then once we verify that the science

465
00:19:14,310 --> 00:19:12,160
works then we move on and prepare for a

466
00:19:16,789 --> 00:19:14,320
payload verification test which is where

467
00:19:19,029 --> 00:19:16,799
we actually use the flight hardware

468
00:19:20,789 --> 00:19:19,039
and the science to verify that

469
00:19:22,070 --> 00:19:20,799
everything will work

470
00:19:23,110 --> 00:19:22,080
properly

471
00:19:25,029 --> 00:19:23,120
and

472
00:19:27,990 --> 00:19:25,039
no nobody has

473
00:19:31,190 --> 00:19:28,000
to my knowledge has a drink anything yet

474
00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:31,200
but we are able to

475
00:19:34,070 --> 00:19:32,240
produce

476
00:19:35,270 --> 00:19:34,080
the nutrients i believe you can change

477
00:19:37,590 --> 00:19:35,280
the nutrients and the osmotic

478
00:19:39,430 --> 00:19:37,600
concentrate to fit any kind of nutrient

479
00:19:41,430 --> 00:19:39,440
profile that the crew members would need

480
00:19:43,430 --> 00:19:41,440
to nourish themselves

481
00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:43,440
and get it fda approved

482
00:19:47,270 --> 00:19:44,400
but

483
00:19:50,070 --> 00:19:47,280
we did have some japanese

484
00:19:52,070 --> 00:19:50,080
a tv team from japan and they drank it a

485
00:19:53,350 --> 00:19:52,080
little bit we advised them not to but

486
00:19:55,430 --> 00:19:53,360
they did

487
00:19:58,470 --> 00:19:55,440
and uh and i saw a guy outside you know

488
00:20:00,230 --> 00:19:58,480
he's still walking around yeah yeah yeah

489
00:20:02,549 --> 00:20:00,240
and they said it just tasted like a

490
00:20:03,909 --> 00:20:02,559
sweet gatorade sports drink and the

491
00:20:07,270 --> 00:20:03,919
commercial product if you were to

492
00:20:09,669 --> 00:20:07,280
purchase it also the drinkable product

493
00:20:11,909 --> 00:20:09,679
would be a lemon lime orange you can get

494
00:20:14,149 --> 00:20:11,919
any flavor that you want pretty much it

495
00:20:16,310 --> 00:20:14,159
just tastes like a sweet sports drink

496
00:20:18,710 --> 00:20:16,320
but as part of our verification

497
00:20:21,270 --> 00:20:18,720
pre-flight test we did verify we

498
00:20:24,149 --> 00:20:21,280
introduced for instance known

499
00:20:27,390 --> 00:20:24,159
concentrations of bacteria on the dirty

500
00:20:33,350 --> 00:20:27,400
side and we confirmed the manufacturer's

501
00:20:36,789 --> 00:20:34,470
rejection

502
00:20:38,310 --> 00:20:36,799
of the bacteria by the semi-permeable

503
00:20:39,630 --> 00:20:38,320
membrane

504
00:20:44,070 --> 00:20:39,640
there's also

505
00:20:45,750 --> 00:20:44,080
99.99 rejection of viral particles

506
00:20:51,669 --> 00:20:45,760
uh

507
00:20:52,870 --> 00:20:51,679
cysts of different types

508
00:20:55,590 --> 00:20:52,880
and

509
00:20:58,310 --> 00:20:55,600
the great thing about forward osmosis it

510
00:20:59,990 --> 00:20:58,320
you don't need any electrical mechanical

511
00:21:03,110 --> 00:21:00,000
any kind of equipment to use it the

512
00:21:05,590 --> 00:21:03,120
membrane works on its own and

513
00:21:07,990 --> 00:21:05,600
it's low mass low volume no power

514
00:21:11,350 --> 00:21:08,000
required so it's a very ideal space

515
00:21:15,750 --> 00:21:13,750
okay we have a question right here sure

516
00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:15,760
pete crosstain harbor productions in

517
00:21:20,549 --> 00:21:18,240
studio city california um two questions

518
00:21:22,549 --> 00:21:20,559
here one we visited briefly here i

519
00:21:23,750 --> 00:21:22,559
believe you said about 80 percent you

520
00:21:26,950 --> 00:21:23,760
can recover

521
00:21:29,430 --> 00:21:26,960
and uh then the second question is

522
00:21:30,390 --> 00:21:29,440
will further testing uh be necessary or

523
00:21:33,430 --> 00:21:30,400
you

524
00:21:35,990 --> 00:21:33,440
expect that this will be ready to

525
00:21:37,430 --> 00:21:36,000
fly on a operational basis following the

526
00:21:41,029 --> 00:21:37,440
end of

527
00:21:45,430 --> 00:21:42,630
we don't think that there's an immediate

528
00:21:47,830 --> 00:21:45,440
need for this on station

529
00:21:50,070 --> 00:21:47,840
the program could fly them as is the

530
00:21:51,669 --> 00:21:50,080
flight rated versions

531
00:21:54,630 --> 00:21:51,679
what we're trying to do is to get

532
00:21:57,110 --> 00:21:54,640
follow-up flights to further define the

533
00:21:58,549 --> 00:21:57,120
the characteristics of the bag in a more

534
00:22:00,310 --> 00:21:58,559
precise way

535
00:22:02,310 --> 00:22:00,320
we view this first flight as really

536
00:22:05,350 --> 00:22:02,320
getting over the barrier of elevating

537
00:22:06,549 --> 00:22:05,360
the technology relevance level and to

538
00:22:08,230 --> 00:22:06,559
demonstrate that it works in

539
00:22:09,909 --> 00:22:08,240
microgravity

540
00:22:11,830 --> 00:22:09,919
but we could do quite a bit more in

541
00:22:12,950 --> 00:22:11,840
terms of studying the flux rates in a

542
00:22:15,990 --> 00:22:12,960
more

543
00:22:17,990 --> 00:22:16,000
scientifically rigorous fashion

544
00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:18,000
but

545
00:22:23,029 --> 00:22:20,320
there could be some that are flown at

546
00:22:25,990 --> 00:22:23,039
any time after this demonstration

547
00:22:30,149 --> 00:22:26,000
we're not aware of the program wanting

548
00:22:30,159 --> 00:22:34,950
are there any further questions

549
00:22:34,960 --> 00:22:51,270
okay right here

550
00:22:55,270 --> 00:22:52,710
well just to

551
00:22:56,470 --> 00:22:55,280
further go on about the hurricane relief

552
00:22:59,270 --> 00:22:56,480
i actually have

553
00:23:00,870 --> 00:22:59,280
their htis product the hydro pack in my

554
00:23:02,310 --> 00:23:00,880
hurricane relief

555
00:23:05,270 --> 00:23:02,320
package at home

556
00:23:07,510 --> 00:23:05,280
and it's very it's similar to capri sun

557
00:23:09,909 --> 00:23:07,520
but the sugar is already pre-loaded into

558
00:23:12,470 --> 00:23:09,919
the a pouch and you can just have a

559
00:23:14,630 --> 00:23:12,480
bucket of rain run off or any kind of

560
00:23:16,870 --> 00:23:14,640
runoff water and stick the pouch

561
00:23:18,710 --> 00:23:16,880
in the bucket and after about four to

562
00:23:20,230 --> 00:23:18,720
six hours of activation then you can

563
00:23:21,669 --> 00:23:20,240
just stick a straw in it and drink it

564
00:23:22,390 --> 00:23:21,679
like a capri sun

565
00:23:25,350 --> 00:23:22,400
so

566
00:23:27,590 --> 00:23:25,360
um it is available for anybody to use

567
00:23:29,510 --> 00:23:27,600
for any kind of hurricane relief or

568
00:23:37,110 --> 00:23:29,520
earthquake relief or everyday use

569
00:23:40,470 --> 00:23:39,029
well it may not be

570
00:23:44,230 --> 00:23:40,480
the way that you would want to go for

571
00:23:46,630 --> 00:23:44,240
the primary generation of water uh there

572
00:23:48,470 --> 00:23:46,640
are alternative implementations of the

573
00:23:51,350 --> 00:23:48,480
technology that aren't so much bags

574
00:23:53,669 --> 00:23:51,360
within a bag but pumping devices that

575
00:23:56,630 --> 00:23:53,679
you can pump water through it and the

576
00:23:59,269 --> 00:23:56,640
water that comes out is cleaner than

577
00:24:00,870 --> 00:23:59,279
what was introduced so there's other

578
00:24:02,870 --> 00:24:00,880
implementations that i think would be

579
00:24:04,470 --> 00:24:02,880
more relevant for that but but based on

580
00:24:06,789 --> 00:24:04,480
the same technology

581
00:24:08,789 --> 00:24:06,799
and hydration technologies actually does

582
00:24:10,549 --> 00:24:08,799
do a lot of work

583
00:24:12,549 --> 00:24:10,559
in third world countries they go over

584
00:24:15,029 --> 00:24:12,559
and they actually try to implement some

585
00:24:17,669 --> 00:24:15,039
water recycling systems using these uh

586
00:24:20,390 --> 00:24:17,679
the forward osmosis technology so that

587
00:24:22,310 --> 00:24:20,400
they do currently go overseas into third

588
00:24:24,549 --> 00:24:22,320
world countries and help them implement

589
00:24:25,830 --> 00:24:24,559
into little cities and villages which

590
00:24:29,190 --> 00:24:25,840
you can find further information on

591
00:24:30,230 --> 00:24:29,200
their website but they do okay we have a

592
00:24:33,350 --> 00:24:30,240
follow-up

593
00:24:37,590 --> 00:24:35,269
uh jim siegel again from the celebration

594
00:24:40,149 --> 00:24:37,600
independent newspaper my readers are

595
00:24:43,269 --> 00:24:40,159
interested in the the spin-off benefits

596
00:24:46,070 --> 00:24:43,279
of of space exploration onto what's

597
00:24:47,190 --> 00:24:46,080
going on on earth today so in this case

598
00:24:48,390 --> 00:24:47,200
we have

599
00:24:50,710 --> 00:24:48,400
existing

600
00:24:53,510 --> 00:24:50,720
earthbound technology being applied to

601
00:24:56,310 --> 00:24:53,520
space so can you see

602
00:24:58,789 --> 00:24:56,320
some learnings coming back to

603
00:25:01,750 --> 00:24:58,799
earthbound applications from the

604
00:25:06,630 --> 00:25:01,760
experiment that's going to be done here

605
00:25:10,630 --> 00:25:08,789
technology refining the technology or

606
00:25:11,350 --> 00:25:10,640
something like that

607
00:25:13,190 --> 00:25:11,360
well

608
00:25:15,430 --> 00:25:13,200
there has been quite a bit of research

609
00:25:17,830 --> 00:25:15,440
that's been done on earth

610
00:25:20,149 --> 00:25:17,840
that has gone into optimizing the design

611
00:25:22,310 --> 00:25:20,159
for earth-based applications

612
00:25:23,909 --> 00:25:22,320
it's conceivable that we may learn

613
00:25:25,909 --> 00:25:23,919
something and part of the reason we're

614
00:25:27,830 --> 00:25:25,919
flying is to see

615
00:25:29,510 --> 00:25:27,840
how does the membrane operate in

616
00:25:33,110 --> 00:25:29,520
microgravity

617
00:25:36,310 --> 00:25:33,120
without convection-based buoyancy

618
00:25:38,149 --> 00:25:36,320
without some physical concentration

619
00:25:40,630 --> 00:25:38,159
mechanisms

620
00:25:42,710 --> 00:25:40,640
that are occurring on earth or at

621
00:25:44,789 --> 00:25:42,720
decreased levels so it's possible that

622
00:25:47,990 --> 00:25:44,799
the fundamental knowledge that's

623
00:25:49,430 --> 00:25:48,000
generated by this spaceflight experiment

624
00:25:52,070 --> 00:25:49,440
which will be done

625
00:25:53,269 --> 00:25:52,080
in microgravity as opposed to on 1g

626
00:25:55,350 --> 00:25:53,279
might

627
00:25:57,830 --> 00:25:55,360
produce some enlightenment

628
00:26:01,430 --> 00:25:57,840
that could be used in earth-based

629
00:26:05,990 --> 00:26:04,310
okay any further questions

630
00:26:07,990 --> 00:26:06,000
one more here

631
00:26:09,830 --> 00:26:08,000
hi ken kramer space flight magazine can

632
00:26:12,070 --> 00:26:09,840
you talk about um what's the total

633
00:26:13,990 --> 00:26:12,080
weight it seems seems pretty light and

634
00:26:16,149 --> 00:26:14,000
has this possibly been tested in the in

635
00:26:18,390 --> 00:26:16,159
these uh short-term sub-orbital flights

636
00:26:20,149 --> 00:26:18,400
at all where you get microgravity for a

637
00:26:21,990 --> 00:26:20,159
few minutes

638
00:26:25,510 --> 00:26:22,000
so i believe each of these bags is on

639
00:26:27,909 --> 00:26:25,520
the order of 300 grams okay

640
00:26:29,909 --> 00:26:27,919
so relatively lightweight

641
00:26:31,430 --> 00:26:29,919
the problem with doing the

642
00:26:34,230 --> 00:26:31,440
the earth base

643
00:26:35,510 --> 00:26:34,240
microgravity analogs and and there's two

644
00:26:38,310 --> 00:26:35,520
of those that i think you're referring

645
00:26:40,310 --> 00:26:38,320
to one is the the parabolic flight

646
00:26:42,870 --> 00:26:40,320
series

647
00:26:44,870 --> 00:26:42,880
in which you get on the order of 20 25

648
00:26:46,870 --> 00:26:44,880
seconds of microgravity interspersed

649
00:26:48,310 --> 00:26:46,880
with 2g and 1g

650
00:26:50,149 --> 00:26:48,320
that would be very difficult because

651
00:26:52,710 --> 00:26:50,159
it's not long enough

652
00:26:55,190 --> 00:26:52,720
to get significant results

653
00:26:57,590 --> 00:26:55,200
the other category which is the the new

654
00:26:59,669 --> 00:26:57,600
emerging suborbital industry that we're

655
00:27:01,750 --> 00:26:59,679
all looking forward to

656
00:27:03,750 --> 00:27:01,760
there you can get somewhere between our

657
00:27:07,029 --> 00:27:03,760
other promises to get somewhere between

658
00:27:10,230 --> 00:27:07,039
two and five minutes of microgravity

659
00:27:12,070 --> 00:27:10,240
it's still probably short for this

660
00:27:15,110 --> 00:27:12,080
implementation

661
00:27:17,590 --> 00:27:15,120
but usually what you do is you design

662
00:27:19,350 --> 00:27:17,600
a different sized

663
00:27:21,510 --> 00:27:19,360
bag or whatever your hardware is that

664
00:27:24,149 --> 00:27:21,520
you're testing so that you could get

665
00:27:26,549 --> 00:27:24,159
significant results so it wouldn't be

666
00:27:27,510 --> 00:27:26,559
these size bags but we could scale them

667
00:27:29,110 --> 00:27:27,520
down

668
00:27:31,350 --> 00:27:29,120
so that we could get some interesting

669
00:27:35,669 --> 00:27:31,360
results from from those

670
00:27:40,230 --> 00:27:37,669
the whole payload weighs approximately

671
00:27:43,909 --> 00:27:40,240
6.3 uh kilos

672
00:27:46,310 --> 00:27:43,919
so about what 12-14 pounds

673
00:27:52,070 --> 00:27:46,320
and it's going to fill up approximately

674
00:27:57,590 --> 00:27:53,590
so we will be sharing with another

675
00:28:01,190 --> 00:27:59,110
okay well this will conclude our

676
00:28:03,350 --> 00:28:01,200
demonstration and

677
00:28:06,630 --> 00:28:03,360
our next televised event will be the

678
00:28:08,789 --> 00:28:06,640
nasa aeronautics research update at 8 15

679
00:28:11,590 --> 00:28:08,799
a.m tomorrow morning for more

680
00:28:15,029 --> 00:28:11,600
information on the sts-135 mission and